Joalo ka "superstar" ea ketane ea indasteri ea betri ea lithium ho tloha ka 2021, theko ea lithium carbonate e fetohile haholo lilemong tse peli tse fetileng.E kile ea fihla holimo 'me ea leba theko ea li-yuan tse 600,000/ton.Tlhokahalo halofo ea pele ea 2023 e ne e boetse e le Nakong ea sejana, e ile ea oela ho 170,000 yuan / ton.Ka nako e ts'oanang, ha bokamoso ba lithium carbonate bo se bo tla qala, SMM e tla fa babali tlhahlobo e felletseng ea tlhahlobo ea ketane ea indasteri ea lithium, pheletso ea lisebelisoa, pheletso ea ho qhibiliha, phepelo ea phepelo le tlhokahalo, foromo ea ho saena le mokhoa oa litheko. sehloohong sena.
Kakaretso ea ketane ea indasteri ea lithium:
E le ntho ea tšepe e nang le boima bo bonyenyane ka ho fetisisa ba athomo, lithium e na le tefiso e kholo ea tefiso le lera le tsitsitseng la mofuta oa helium habeli.E na le ts'ebetso e matla haholo ea electrochemical mme e khona ho sebetsana le lisebelisoa tse ling ho theha metsoako e fapaneng.Ke thepa e babatsehang bakeng sa ho etsa libeteri.Khetho e ntle ka ho fetisisa.Ka ketane ea indasteri ea lithium, ho ea holimo ho kenyeletsa lisebelisoa tsa liminerale tsa lithium tse kang spodumene, lepidolite, le brine ea letsoai la letsoai.Ka mor'a hore mehloli ea lithium e ntšitsoe, e ka sebetsoa ka har'a sehokelo se seng le se seng ho hlahisa letsoai la lithium tse ka sehloohong, letsoai la bobeli / tse ngata tsa lithium, tšepe ea Lithium le mefuta e meng ea lihlahisoa.Lihlahisoa tse boemong ba pele ba ho sebetsa haholo-holo li kenyelletsa matsoai a ka sehloohong a lithium a kang lithium carbonate, lithium hydroxide, le lithium chloride;ts'ebetso e tsoelang pele e ka hlahisa lihlahisoa tsa lithium tsa bobeli kapa tse ngata tse kang lithium iron phosphate, lithium cobalt oxide, lithium hexafluorophosphate, le metallic lithium.Lihlahisoa tse fapaneng tsa lithium li ka sebelisoa haholo libakeng tse ntseng li hlaha tse kang libeteri tsa lithium, li-ceramics, likhalase, li-alloys, li-grease, lihatsetsi, meriana, indasteri ea nyutlelie le optoelectronics.
Qetello ea lisebelisoa tsa lithium:
Ho latela pono ea mefuta ea lisebelisoa tsa lithium, e ka aroloa ka mela e 'meli e meholo: lisebelisoa tsa mantlha le lisebelisoa tse tsosolositsoeng.Har'a bona, lisebelisoa tsa lithium tsa lihlahisoa tse tala li fumaneha haholo letsoai la brine, spodumene le lepidolite.Lisebelisoa tse recycled haholo li fumana lisebelisoa tsa lithium ka libeteri tsa lithium tse seng li tlohetse mosebetsi le ho li sebelisa hape.
Ho qala ka tsela ea lisebelisoa tse tala, khatello ea kabo ea mehloli ea mehloli ea lithium e batla e phahame.Ho latela lintlha tsa morao-rao tse lokollotsoeng ke USGS, mehloli ea lefats'e ea lithium e boloka lithane tse limilione tse 22 tsa tšepe ea lithium e lekanang.Har'a tsona, linaha tse hlano tse ka sehloohong tsa mehloli ea lefats'e ea lithium ke Chile, Australia, Argentina, Chaena le United States, tse etsang karolo ea 87 lekholong ka kakaretso, 'me mehloli ea lichelete ea Chaena e etsa 7%.
Ho tsoela pele ho arola mefuta ea lisebelisoa, matša a letsoai hajoale ke mohloli o ka sehloohong oa lisebelisoa tsa lithium lefatšeng, tse ajoang haholo Chile, Argentina, China le libakeng tse ling;merafo ea spodumene e ajoa haholo-holo Australia, Canada, United States, Chaena le libakeng tse ling, 'me mahloriso a kabo ea lisebelisoa ke E tlase ho feta letša la letsoai 'me ke mofuta oa lisebelisoa tse nang le tekanyo e phahameng ka ho fetisisa ea tlhahiso ea lithium ea khoebo hona joale;Lepidolite resource reserves e nyane mme e tsepame haholo Jiangxi, China.
Ho latela tlhahiso ea lisebelisoa tsa lithium, kakaretso ea lisebelisoa tsa lefats'e tsa lithium ka 2022 e tla ba lithane tse 840,000 tsa LCE.Ho lebelletsoe ho fihlela sekhahla sa kholo ea selemo le selemo sa 21% ho tloha 2023 ho isa 2026, ho fihlela lithane tse limilione tse 2.56 tsa LCE ka 2026. Mabapi le linaha, CR3 ke Australia, Chile le China, e etsang kakaretso ea 86%, e bonts'ang. boemo bo phahameng ba ho tsepamisa maikutlo.
Mabapi le mefuta ea lihlahisoa tse tala, pyroxene e ntse e tla ba mofuta o ka sehloohong oa thepa e tala nakong e tlang.Letša la letsoai ke mofuta oa bobeli o moholo oa thepa e tala, 'me mica e ntse e tla phetha karolo ea tlatsetso.Ke habohlokoa ho hlokomela hore ho tla ba le leqhubu la ho senya ka mor'a 2022. Khōlo e potlakileng ea litšila tse pakeng tsa lihlahisoa le litšila tse senyang, hammoho le katleho ea ho tsosolosa theknoloji ea ho ntša lithium, e tla matlafatsa kholo e potlakileng ea ho tsosolosa molumo oa ho ntša lithium.Ho lebeletsoe hore lisebelisoa tse tsosolositsoeng li tla fihla ho 8% ka 2026. Karolo ea phepelo ea lisebelisoa tsa lithium.
Tsohle ka lithium!Tlhaloso e felletseng ea ketane ea indasteri ea lithium
Qetellong ea ho qhibilihisa lithium:
China ke naha e nang le lihlahisoa tse phahameng ka ho fetisisa tsa ho qhibilihisa lithium lefatšeng.Ha u sheba liprofinse, libaka tsa China tsa tlhahiso ea lithium carbonate li thehiloe haholo-holo kabong ea lisebelisoa le likhoebo tsa ho qhibilihisa.Liprofinse tse kholo tsa tlhahiso ke Jiangxi, Sichuan le Qinghai.Jiangxi ke profinse e nang le kabo e kholo ka ho fetisisa ea lisebelisoa tsa lepidolite Chaena, 'me e na le matla a tlhahiso ea lik'hamphani tse tsebahalang tsa ho qhibilihisa tse kang Ganfeng Lithium Industry, e hlahisang lithium carbonate le lithium hydroxide ka spodumene e tsoang linaheng tse ling;Sichuan ke profinse e nang le kabo e kholo ea lisebelisoa tsa pyroxene China, hape e ikarabella bakeng sa tlhahiso ea hydroxide.Setsi sa tlhahiso ea lithium.Qinghai ke profinse e kholo ka ho fetisisa ea letsoai ea letsoai la lithium ea China.
Tsohle ka lithium!Tlhaloso e felletseng ea ketane ea indasteri ea lithium
Mabapi le lik'hamphani, ho ea ka lithium carbonate, kakaretso ea 2022 e tla ba lithane tse 350,000, tseo lik'hamphani tsa CR10 li ileng tsa nka karolo ea 69%, 'me mokhoa oa tlhahiso o batla o tsepamisitsoe.Har'a bona, indasteri ea Lithium ea Jiangxi Zhicun e na le tlhahiso e kholo ka ho fetisisa, e ikarabellang bakeng sa 9% ea tlhahiso ea eona.Ha ho na moetapele ea ikemetseng ka botlalo indastering.
Tsohle ka lithium!Tlhaloso e felletseng ea ketane ea indasteri ea lithium
Mabapi le lithium hydroxide, kakaretso ea tlhahiso ea 2022 e tla ba lithane tse 243,000, tseo lik'hamphani tsa CR10 li nkang karolo ea 74%, 'me mokhoa oa tlhahiso o tsepamisitsoe ho feta oa lithium carbonate.Har'a bona, Ganfeng Lithium Industry, k'hamphani e nang le tlhahiso e kholo ka ho fetisisa, e etsa karolo ea 24% ea kakaretso ea lihlahisoa, 'me phello e ka sehloohong e totobetse.
Tsohle ka lithium!Tlhaloso e felletseng ea ketane ea indasteri ea lithium
Lehlakore la tlhoko ea lithium:
Tlhokahalo ea tšebeliso ea lithium e ka aroloa likarolo tse peli tse kholo: indasteri ea betri ea lithium le liindasteri tsa setso.Ka kholo e phatlohang ea matla le tlhokahalo ea 'maraka oa polokelo ea matla lapeng le kantle ho naha, karolo ea tlhokahalo ea betri ea lithium ka kakaretso ea tšebeliso ea lithium e ntse e eketseha selemo le selemo.Ho latela lipalo-palo tsa SMM, lipakeng tsa 2016 le 2022, karolo ea tšebeliso ea lithium carbonate lebaleng la betri ea lithium e eketsehile ho tloha ho 78% ho isa ho 93%, athe lithium hydroxide e tlohile ho tloha tlase ho 1% ho ea ho hoo e ka bang 95%+.Ho ea ka pono ea 'maraka, tlhoko e felletseng ea indasteri ea betri ea lithium e tsamaisoa haholo ke mebaraka e meraro e meholo ea matla, polokelo ea matla le ts'ebeliso:
Mmaraka oa motlakase: E tsamaisoa ke maano a motlakase a lefats'e, phetoho ea k'hamphani ea likoloi le tlhoko ea 'maraka, tlhoko ea' maraka oa motlakase e tla fihlela kholo e phatlohang ka 2021-2022, e ikarabellang bakeng sa taolo e felletseng ea tlhokahalo ea betri ea lithium, mme e lebelletsoe ho boloka kholo e tsitsitseng nakong e telele..
Mmaraka oa polokelo ea matla: Tlas'a tšusumetso ea lintlha tse kang koluoa ea matla le maano a naha, mebaraka e meraro e meholo ea Chaena, Europe le United States e tla sebetsa 'moho mme e tla ba sebaka sa bobeli sa kholo ea kholo ea tlhokahalo ea betri ea lithium.
Mmaraka oa bareki: Mmaraka ka kakaretso o ntse o tlala, mme sekhahla sa kholo ea nako e telele se lebelletsoe ho ba tlase.
Tsohle ka lithium!Tlhaloso e felletseng ea ketane ea indasteri ea lithium
Ka kakaretso, tlhoko ea libeteri tsa lithium e tla eketseha ka 52% selemo le selemo ka 2022, 'me e tla eketseha butle-butle ka sekhahla sa kholo ea selemo le selemo ea 35% ho tloha 2022 ho isa 2026, e tla eketsa karolo ea indasteri ea lithium betri ea tlhokahalo. .Mabapi le lits'ebetso tse fapaneng, 'maraka oa polokelo ea matla o na le sekhahla se phahameng sa kholo.Mmaraka oa motlakase o ntse o tsoela pele ho hola ha likoloi tse ncha tsa lefats'e li ntse li tsoela pele ho hola.Mmaraka oa bareki o itšetlehile haholo ka kholo ea likoloi tsa mabili a mabeli tsa motlakase le lihlahisoa tse ncha tsa bareki tse kang li-drones, lisakerete tsa elektronike le lisebelisoa tse aparoang.Sekhahla sa kholo ea selemo le selemo ke 8% feela.
Ho ea ka pono ea lik'hamphani tse tobileng tsa bareki ba letsoai la lithium, ho latela lithium carbonate, tlhokahalo eohle ea 2022 e tla ba lithane tse 510,000.Likhamphani tsa bareki li tsepamisitsoe haholo lik'hamphaning tsa thepa ea lithium iron phosphate cathode le lik'hamphani tse mahareng le tse tlase tsa nickel ternary cathode, 'me lik'hamphani tse tlase ho metsi li tsepamisitse maikutlo tšebelisong.Tekanyo e tlase, eo CR12 e ikarabellang bakeng sa 44%, e nang le phello e matla ea mohatla o molelele le mokhoa o batlang o qhalakane.
Tsohle ka lithium!Tlhaloso e felletseng ea ketane ea indasteri ea lithium
Mabapi le lithium hydroxide, kakaretso ea tšebeliso ka 2022 e tla ba lithane tse 140,000.Khatello ea lik'hamphani tse tlase tsa bareki e phahame haholo ho feta ea lithium carbonate.CR10 e etsa karolo ea 87%.Paterone e batla e tsepame.Nakong e tlang, ha lik'hamphani tse fapaneng tsa ternary cathode li tla tsoela pele Ka nikelization e phahameng, khatello ea indasteri e lebelletsoe ho theoha.
Tsohle ka lithium!Tlhaloso e felletseng ea ketane ea indasteri ea lithium
Phepelo ea lisebelisoa tsa lithium le sebopeho sa tlhokeho:
Ho tloha ponong e pharaletseng ea phepelo le tlhokahalo, lithium e hlile e phethile potoloho pakeng tsa 2015 le 2019. Ho tloha 2015 ho ea ho 2017, tlhokahalo e ncha ea matla e fihletse khōlo e potlakileng e susumelitsoeng ke lithuso tsa mmuso.Leha ho le joalo, sekhahla sa kholo ea lisebelisoa tsa lithium ha sea ka sa potlaka joalo ka tlhoko, se bakileng ho se lumellane lipakeng tsa phepelo le tlhoko.Leha ho le joalo, ka mor'a hore lithuso tsa mmuso li fokotsehe ka 2019, tlhoko ea ho qetela e ile ea fokotseha ka potlako, empa merero ea pele ea lichelete tsa Lithium e fihlile butle-butle bokhoni ba tlhahiso, 'me lithium e kene ka molao potolohong e setseng.Nakong ena, lik'hamphani tse ngata tsa merafo li phatlalalitse hore li feletsoe ke chelete, 'me indasteri e ile ea kenya letsoho phetohong ea phetoho.
Potoloho ena ea indasteri e qala qetellong ea 2020:
2021-2022: Tlhokahalo ea li-terminal e phatloha ka potlako, e etsa phapang le phepelo ea lisebelisoa tsa lithium tse holimo.Ho tloha ka 2021 ho isa ho 2022, merero e meng ea merafo ea lithium e neng e emisitsoe potolohong ea ho qetela ea phaello e tla tsosolosoa ka mor'a e 'ngoe, empa ho ntse ho e-na le khaello e kholo.Ka nako e ts'oanang, nako ena e ne e boetse e le sethala ha litheko tsa lithium li phahama ka potlako.
2023-2024: Ho tsosolosoa ha merero ea tlhahiso + merero e sa tsoa hahoa ea mobu o motala e lebelletsoe ho fihlela tlhahiso ka tatellano lipakeng tsa 2023 le 2024. Sekhahla sa kholo ea tlhokahalo ea matla a macha ha e potlake joalo ka ha ho qala ho phatloha, le tekanyo ea phaello ea lisebelisoa e tla fihla sehlohlolong sa eona ka 2024.
2025-2026: Sekhahla sa kholo ea lisebelisoa tsa lithium tse holimo se ka fokotseha ka lebaka la phaello e tsoelang pele.Lehlakore la tlhokahalo le tla tsamaisoa ke sebaka sa polokelo ea matla, 'me masalla a tla fokotsoa ka katleho.
Tsohle ka lithium!Tlhaloso e felletseng ea ketane ea indasteri ea lithium
Boemo ba ho saena letsoai la lithium le mokhoa oa ho rarolla
Mekhoa ea ho saena ea taelo ea letsoai la lithium haholo-holo e kenyelletsa litaelo tsa nako e telele le litaelo tsa zero.Litaelo tsa Zero li ka hlalosoa e le khoebo e feto-fetohang.Mekha ea khoebo ha e lumellane ka lihlahisoa tsa khoebo, bongata, le mekhoa ea litheko nakong e itseng, 'me e fumana mantsoe a qotsitsoeng a ikemetseng;har'a bona, litaelo tsa nako e telele li ka aroloa ka mekhahlelo e meraro:
Foromo ea ho notlela molumo: Bophahamo ba phepelo le mokhoa oa theko ea tefo li lumellanoa esale pele.Theko ea ho lefa e tla thehoa ho (SMM) theko ea khoeli le khoeli ea sethaleng sa batho ba boraro, e tlatsitsoeng ke coefficient ea tokiso, ho finyella sephetho se thehiloeng 'marakeng ka ho feto-fetoha ha maemo.
Senotlolo sa molumo le senotlolo sa theko: Bophahamo ba phepelo le theko ea tefo li lumellanoa esale pele, 'me theko ea tefo e behiloe potolohong e tlang ea tefo.Hang ha theko e koetsoe, e ke ke ea fetoloa nakong e tlang / ka mor'a hore mochine oa ho lokisa o qale, moreki le morekisi ba tla boela ba lumellane ka theko e tsitsitseng, e nang le maemo a tlaase.
Bongata ba notlela feela: etsa feela tumellano ea mantsoe/e ngotsoeng mabapi le bongata ba phepelo, empa ha ho na tumellano ea pele mabapi le mokhoa oa ho lefa theko ea thepa, o feto-fetohang haholo.
Pakeng tsa 2021 le 2022, ka lebaka la ho feto-fetoha ha litheko ho matla, mokhoa oa ho saena le mochini oa litheko tsa letsoai la lithium le tsona li ntse li fetoha ka khutso.Ho latela pono ea mekhoa ea ho saena konteraka, ka 2022, 40% ea lik'hamphani li tla sebelisa mokhoa oa litheko o koalang feela ka bongata, haholo hobane phepelo ea 'maraka oa lithium e thata ebile litheko li phahame.E le ho sireletsa phaello, lik'hamphani tse qhibilihisang metsi holimo hangata li tla sebelisa mokhoa oa ho koala molumo empa eseng theko;nakong e tlang, Sheba, ha phepelo le tlhoko li khutlela ho rationality, bareki le barekisi ba fetohile litlhoko tse ka sehloohong tsa phepelo le botsitso ba theko.Ho lebeletsoe hore karolo ea nako e telele ea ho notlela le ho notlela foromo (e amanang le theko ea letsoai la SMM lithium ho fihlela khokahanyo ea foromo) e tla eketseha.
Ho ea ka pono ea bareki ba letsoai la lithium, ho phaella ho reka ka ho toba ke lik'hamphani tsa thepa, ho eketseha ha bareki ba letsoai la lithium ho tloha lik'hamphaning tsa li-terminal (betri, lik'hamphani tsa likoloi le lik'hamphani tse ling tsa merafo ea tšepe) ho ruisitse mefuta eohle ea lik'hamphani tse rekang.Ha ho nahanoa hore libapali tse ncha li tlameha ho nahana ka Ho ba le botsitso ba nako e telele ba indasteri le ho tloaelana le litheko tsa litšepe tse seng li holile ho lebelletsoe ho ba le tšusumetso e itseng mokhoeng oa litheko oa indasteri.Karolo ea mofuta oa litheko tsa foromo ea senotlolo sa senotlolo bakeng sa liodara tsa nako e telele e eketsehile.
Tsohle ka lithium!Tlhaloso e felletseng ea ketane ea indasteri ea lithium
Ho ea ka pono e akaretsang, bakeng sa ketane ea indasteri ea lithium, theko ea letsoai la lithium e fetohile setsi sa theko ea ketane eohle ea indasteri, e khothalletsang phetiso e ntle ea litheko le litšenyehelo lipakeng tsa likhokahano tse fapaneng tsa indasteri.E sheba ka likarolo:
Lithium Ore - Letsoai la Lithium: Ho ipapisitsoe le theko ea letsoai la lithium, ore ea lithium e rekoa ka ho phaphamala ka ho arolelana phaello.
Sehokelo sa sehokelo sa cathode: Ho tiisa theko ea letsoai la lithium le letsoai le leng le le leng, le ho e atisa ka tšebeliso ea yuniti le coefficient ea theolelo ho fihlela lintlafatso tsa khokahano ea theko.
Electrode e ntle - sele ea betri: e tiisa theko ea letsoai la tšepe ebe e e atisa ka tšebeliso ea yuniti le litheolelo ho fihlela lintlafatso tsa khokahano ea litheko.
Battery cell - OEM / integrator: Arola theko ea letsoai la cathode / lithium ( letsoai la lithium ke e 'ngoe ea lisebelisoa tse ka sehloohong tse tala ka har'a cathode).Lisebelisoa tse ling tse ka sehloohong li nka mokhoa o tsitsitseng oa theko.Ho ea ka ho feto-fetoha ha theko ea letsoai la lithium, mochine oa matšeliso a theko o saennoe., ho fihlela tumellano ea khokahano ea theko.
Nako ea poso: Nov-06-2023